Halacha Weekly ~ Parshas Devorim: Simcha on Shabbos Tisha B’av

Halacha Weekly ~ Parshas Devorim: Simcha on Shabbos Tisha B’av

08-09-2019

“איכה אשא לבדי טרחכם ומשאכם וריבכם”

Pertaining to the סעודה המפסקת when Tisha B’av falls out on Sunday, or when it falls out on Shabbos and the fast is pushed off to Sunday, the מחבר (סימן תקנ”ב סעיף י’) says as follows; אוכל בשר ושותה יין בסעודה המפסקת ומעלה על שלחנו אפילו כסעודת שלמה בעת מלכותו – One can eat and drink as much wine as they wish by the last meal before the fast.  The Mishna Berura quotes the Magen Avrohom that never-the-less one should not act with too much simcha. Therefore one should not sit at a סעודת חברים – at a meal together with friends. The בכור שור disagrees and rules that if one normally eats his Shabbos meal together with friends he should do the same on this Shabbos also, by not doing so would be אבילות בפרהסיא – mourning publicly which is prohibited on Shabbos.  According to all opinions it is permissible to eat the meals with family.

It is permissible to make a shalom zachor on this Shabbos.  One who usually participates can do so as well. If he does not go it would be אבילות בפרהסיא.  The לקט יושר says the מנהג of the city ניאושטט was not to participate in a shalom zachor, however this is not our מנהג.

In regards to a Shabbos aufruf the Steipler zt”l says that the Kiddush should be made the week prior, for one should not make a Kiddush of simcha on this Shabbos.  However he should still get his aliyah on this Shabbos. However Reb Shlomo Zalman Aurbach zt”l rules that that Kiddush should be made like any other week together with all the other מנהגים of the aufruf like throwing the sweets at the chasson.  The reason is the same as above; if it is not done this would be אבילות בפרהסיא. However it should not be made with the same publicity and simcha as it would normally be done. There should also not be any singing, for refraining from singing by the Kiddush does not make it אבילות בפרהסיא.

Reb Moshe Feinstien zt’l says that it is permissible to sing the Shabbos Zemiros by all the meals even if one is not accustomed in doing so the rest of the year.  Reb Shlomo Zalman Aurbach zt”l says that only the zemiros that are sung every Shabbos may be sung on this Shabbos as well. Any other songs should not be sung.    

The אבני נזר has the following חקירה, when Tisha Ba’v falls out on Shabbos and the fast is pushed off to Sunday.  Is the fast really supposed to be on Shabbos and we push it off, or in such a year they established the fast to be on Sunday to begin with.  One difference is for a boy who became a גדול on מוצאי שבת. If they established the fast to begin with on Sunday then the boy would be obligated to fast.  If however it is supposed to be on Shabbos only it is pushed off to Sunday the boy is not obligated to fast since the fast is a תשלומין for Shabbos. From the fact that אבילות בפרהסיא is prohibited on this Shabbos, we see that it really is supposed to be on Shabbos, only it is pushed off to Sunday.   

Prepared by R’ Avrohom Yehoshua Ziskind    

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